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Adhyāyas / Karma Yogaḥ / verse 12

Mūla — the verse

Gita Press numbering
इष्टान्भोगान्हि वो देवा दास्यन्ते यज्ञभाविताः। तैर्दत्तानप्रदायैभ्यो यो भुङ्क्ते स्तेन एव सः
iṣhṭān bhogān hi vo devā dāsyante yajña-bhāvitāḥ tair dattān apradāyaibhyo yo bhuṅkte stena eva saḥ
Anuṣṭubh

Translation

Swami Gambhīrānanda · follows Śaṅkara-bhāṣya

'Being nourished by sacrifices, the gods will indeed give you the coveted enjoyments. He is certainly a thief who enjoys what has been given by them without offering it to them.'

हिन्दी अनुवाद — Swami Tejomayānanda

यज्ञ द्वारा पोषित देवतागण तुम्हें इष्ट भोग प्रदान करेंगे। उनके द्वारा दिये हुये भोगों को जो पुरुष उनको दिये बिना ही भोगता है वह निश्चय ही चोर है।।

Pronunciation — Vaamshii

from Vaamshii
इष्टान् भोगान् हि वो देवाः
दास्यन् ते यज्ञ भाविताः
तैर् दत्ता नप्र दायै भ्यः
यो भुङ्क् ते स्तेन एव सः
॥ १२ ॥
Read each split group as one breath-unit; hyphens join pādas kept whole for the meter or a compound word. Symbols: # upadhmānīya (visarga before p/ph), % jihvāmūlīya (visarga before k/kh), ऽ avagraha (an elided a). Full method →

Word by word

padārtha
iṣhṭāndesired
bhogānnecessities of life
hicertainly
vaḥunto you
devāḥthe celestial gods
dāsyantewill grant
yajña-bhāvitāḥsatisfied by sacrifice
taiḥby them
dattānthings granted
apradāyawithout offering
ebhyaḥto them
yaḥwho
bhuṅkteenjoys
stenaḥthieves
evaverily
saḥthey

Themes

from The Thematic Companion to the Bhagavad Gītā

Meaning — Questions & Solutions

from Q&A with KnA
3.12The thief.

If, having received favours through a yajña, one shares nothing back — offering no oblation to the devas, returning nothing to Nature, enjoying all the benefit alone without so much as acknowledging the support received — one deserves the name of a thief, and nothing less. “Those who eat what remains of the yajña” — that is, what is left after a portion has been returned to Nature and to fellow beings — “incur no sin.” Sin (pāpa) is the currency of sorrow, merit (puṇya) the currency of happiness; and one who “cooks” only for himself is a sinner. “Cooks” may be extended to mean “earns” or “makes” in the widest sense.

In the most literal sense, Avadhūtas are seen feeding other creatures — often dogs — from even the little food they are given. It seems only right, then, to offer a little to others as a sign of gratitude, rather than covet everything for oneself. Coveting is the very source of greed and the building of a wall of identity. By feeding others we unconsciously take them into our sense of identity, and so expand ourselves — not physically. What we eat, we become. By hoarding, the walls of “I” only harden. The whole point of Yoga is to break those walls and expand; hence parting with even hard-earned food loosens attachment and knocks a boulder or two off the ego. There is a real relief and peace in sharing.