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Adhyāyas / Śraddhātraya-Vibhāga Yogaḥ / verse 9

Mūla — the verse

Gita Press numbering
कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनः। आहारा राजसस्येष्टा दुःखशोकामयप्रदाः
kaṭv-amla-lavaṇāty-uṣhṇa- tīkṣhṇa-rūkṣha-vidāhinaḥ āhārā rājasasyeṣhṭā duḥkha-śhokāmaya-pradāḥ
Anuṣṭubh

Translation

Swami Gambhīrānanda · follows Śaṅkara-bhāṣya

Foods that are bitter, sour, salty, very hot, pungent, dry, and burning, producing pain, sorrow, and disease, are dear to one who has rajas.

हिन्दी अनुवाद — Swami Tejomayānanda

कड़वे, खट्टे, लवणयुक्त, अति उष्ण, तीक्ष्ण (तीखे, मिर्च युक्त), रूखे. दाहकारक, दु:ख, शोक और रोग उत्पन्न कारक भोज्य पदार्थ राजस पुरुष को प्रिय होते हैं।।

Pronunciation — Vaamshii

from Vaamshii
कट् वम् ललवणात् युष् ण-तीक् ष्ण रूक् षवि दाहिनः।
आहारा राजसस् येष्टाः
दुःख शो कामयप् रदाः
॥ ९ ॥
Read each split group as one breath-unit; hyphens join pādas kept whole for the meter or a compound word. Symbols: # upadhmānīya (visarga before p/ph), % jihvāmūlīya (visarga before k/kh), ऽ avagraha (an elided a). Full method →

Word by word

padārtha
kaṭubitter
amlasour
lavaṇasalty
ati-uṣhṇavery hot
tīkṣhṇapungent
rūkṣhadry
vidāhinaḥchiliful
āhārāḥfood
rājasasyato persons in the mode of passion
iṣhṭāḥdear
duḥkhapain
śhokagrief
āmayadisease
pradāḥproduce

Themes

from The Thematic Companion to the Bhagavad Gītā

Meaning — Questions & Solutions

from Q&A with KnA
17.3–17.13Faith, food and sacrifice classified.

“As is a man’s faith, so verily is he (śraddhā-mayo’yaṃ puruṣaḥ): what his faith is, that he is” (17.3) — one of the Gītā’s most quoted lines, and a whole psychology in seven words. K then applies the threefold analysis: the object of worship (17.4) — the sattvic worship the devas (the higher, ordering powers); the rajasic, the yakṣas and rakṣas (powers of wealth and force); the tamasic, ghosts and spirits (the dark and confused). Food (17.8–10) — the sattvic prefer foods that promote life, strength, health, cheer — savoury, wholesome, nourishing; the rajasic crave the bitter, sour, salty, burning-hot, harsh, which breed pain and disease; the tamasic take the stale, tasteless, putrid, left-over and impure. Sacrifice (17.11–13) — the sattvic offer as duty, without desire for fruit, according to the ordinance; the rajasic offer for show and with an eye to reward; the tamasic offer without faith, without gifts, without sacred word or rule. Note how the analysis reaches even to the plate: the Gītā takes seriously that what we eat shapes the mind that worships (recall “what we eat, we become”, 3.12). Spirituality here is not walled off from diet, motive and manner; the guṇa pervades the whole.