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Adhyāyas / Daivāsura-Sampad-Vibhāga Yogaḥ / verse 2

Mūla — the verse

Gita Press numbering
अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्यागः शान्तिरपैशुनम्। दया भूतेष्वलोलुप्त्वं मार्दवं ह्रीरचापलम्
ahinsā satyam akrodhas tyāgaḥ śhāntir apaiśhunam dayā bhūteṣhv aloluptvaṁ mārdavaṁ hrīr achāpalam
Anuṣṭubh

Translation

Swami Gambhīrānanda · follows Śaṅkara-bhāṣya

Non-injury, truthfulness, absence of anger, renunciation, control of the inner self, absence of vilification, kindness to creatures, non-covetousness, gentleness, modesty, and freedom from restlessness;

हिन्दी अनुवाद — Swami Tejomayānanda

अहिंसा, सत्य, क्रोध का अभाव, त्याग, शान्ति, अपैशुनम् (किसी की निन्दा न करना), भूतमात्र के प्रति दया, अलोलुपता , मार्दव (कोमलता), लज्जा, अचंचलता।।

Pronunciation — Vaamshii

from Vaamshii
अहिम् सासत् यमक् रोधः
त्यागश् शान् तिर पैशुनम्
दया भूतेष् वलो लुप् त्वम्
मार् दवम् ह्रीर चापलम्
॥ २ ॥
Read each split group as one breath-unit; hyphens join pādas kept whole for the meter or a compound word. Symbols: # upadhmānīya (visarga before p/ph), % jihvāmūlīya (visarga before k/kh), ऽ avagraha (an elided a). Full method →

Word by word

padārtha
ahinsānon-violence
satyamtruthfulness
akrodhaḥabsence of anger
tyāgaḥrenunciation
śhāntiḥpeacefulness
apaiśhunamrestraint from fault-finding
dayācompassion
bhūteṣhutoward all living beings
aloluptvamabsence of covetousness
mārdavamgentleness
hrīḥmodesty
achāpalamlack of fickleness

Themes

from The Thematic Companion to the Bhagavad Gītā

Meaning — Questions & Solutions

from Q&A with KnA
16.1–16.3 and 16.4, 16.7–16.18The two demeanours defined.

The divine set (16.1–3) runs to some twenty-six qualities and needs no gloss beyond noticing its balance — it weds inner virtues (fearlessness, purity, serenity) to outer ones (charity, non-violence, gentleness), and strength (vigour, fortitude) to softness (modesty, compassion). The demonic set is defined first in miniature (16.4 — hypocrisy, arrogance, self-conceit, anger, harshness, ignorance) and then unfolded at length (16.7–18). Its essence is diagnosed at 16.7: “the demonic know not what is to be done nor what is to be refrained from” — they have lost the very compass of pravṛtti and nivṛtti. From this root failure grow their marks: they deny truth and God (16.8), do fierce deeds for the world’s ruin (16.9), are bound by insatiable hope and driven by lust and anger (16.10–12), hoard wealth by any means (16.13), deify themselves (16.14), and perform even worship as hollow show (16.17). The contrast is not between two tribes of people but between two tendencies alive in every heart — for the guṇas of canto 14 are the soil of both.