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Adhyāyas / Arjuna Viṣāda Yogaḥ / verse 41

Mūla — the verse

Gita Press numbering
अधर्माभिभवात्कृष्ण प्रदुष्यन्ति कुलस्त्रियः। स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष्णेय जायते वर्णसङ्करः
adharmābhibhavāt kṛiṣhṇa praduṣhyanti kula-striyaḥ strīṣhu duṣhṭāsu vārṣhṇeya jāyate varṇa-saṅkaraḥ
Anuṣṭubh

Translation

Swami Gambhīrānanda · follows Śaṅkara-bhāṣya

O Krishna, when vice predominates, the women of the family become corrupt. O descendant of the Vrsnis, when women become corrupted, it results in the intermingling of castes.

हिन्दी अनुवाद — Swami Tejomayānanda

हे कृष्ण ! पाप के अधिक बढ़ जाने से कुल की स्त्रियां दूषित हो जाती हैं, और हे वार्ष्णेय ! स्त्रियों के दूषित होने पर वर्णसंकर उत्पन्न होता है।

Pronunciation — Vaamshii

from Vaamshii
अधर् माभिभ वात् कृष्ण
प्रदुष्यन् तिकुलस् त्रियः
स्त्रीषु दुष्टासु वार्ष् णेय
जायते वर्ण सङ्करः
॥ ४१ ॥
Read each split group as one breath-unit; hyphens join pādas kept whole for the meter or a compound word. Symbols: # upadhmānīya (visarga before p/ph), % jihvāmūlīya (visarga before k/kh), ऽ avagraha (an elided a). Full method →

Word by word

padārtha
adharmairreligion
abhibhavātpreponderance
kṛiṣhṇaShree Krishna
praduṣhyantibecome immoral
kula-striyaḥwomen of the family
strīṣhuof women
duṣhṭāsubecome immoral
vārṣhṇeyadescendant of Vrishni
jāyateare born
varṇa-saṅkaraḥunwanted progeny

Themes

from The Thematic Companion to the Bhagavad Gītā

Meaning — Questions & Solutions

from Q&A with KnA
1.38–1.44How do the varṇa-saṅkara and the ensuing disasters resonate with today?

The world of the Mahābhārata favoured a homogeneous flow — genetic, psychological and occupational — within communities. Inter-varṇa unions and the offspring born of them were, in that setting, seen as ruinous and against the established order. So Arjuna fears that future generations will be steeped in sin through such transgressions. He lays out the sequence like a chain of certain destruction: unrest in a clan degrades the clan's conduct, which leads to injustice; with injustice unchecked, the women are corrupted and drawn into disordered unions; children born of such unions are doomed; the whole clan slides towards hellish realms; the forefathers fall from their state for want of the post-death offerings; the codes of caste and the eternal law of conduct erode; and at last the whole population sinks. Whatever we make of its sociology, the underlying anxiety — that the breakdown of the family breaks the culture, and the breakdown of the culture breaks the person — is not foreign to any age.