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Adhyāyas / Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yogaḥ / verse 40

Mūla — the verse

Gita Press numbering
न तदस्ति पृथिव्यां वा दिवि देवेषु वा पुनः। सत्त्वं प्रकृतिजैर्मुक्तं यदेभिः स्यात्ित्रभिर्गुणैः
na tad asti pṛithivyāṁ vā divi deveṣhu vā punaḥ sattvaṁ prakṛiti-jair muktaṁ yad ebhiḥ syāt tribhir guṇaiḥ
Anuṣṭubh

Translation

Swami Gambhīrānanda · follows Śaṅkara-bhāṣya

There is no entity in the world, nor among the gods in heaven, that can be free from these three gunas born of Nature.

हिन्दी अनुवाद — Swami Tejomayānanda

पृथ्वी पर अथवा स्वर्ग के देवताओं में ऐसा कोई प्राणी (सत्त्वं अर्थात् विद्यमान वस्तु) नहीं है जो प्रकृति से उत्पन्न इन तीन गुणों से मुक्त (रहित) हो।।

Pronunciation — Vaamshii

from Vaamshii
न तदस् ति पृथिव् याव्ँ वा
दिवि देवेषु वा पुनः
सत् त्वं प्रकृति जैर् मुक्तम्
यदेभिस् स्यात् त्रिभिर् गुणैः ‌
॥ ४० ॥
Read each split group as one breath-unit; hyphens join pādas kept whole for the meter or a compound word. Symbols: # upadhmānīya (visarga before p/ph), % jihvāmūlīya (visarga before k/kh), ऽ avagraha (an elided a). Full method →

Word by word

padārtha
nano
tatthat
astiexists
pṛithivyāmon earth
or
divithe higher celestial abodes
deveṣhuamongst the celestial gods
or
punaḥagain
sattvamexistence
prakṛiti-jaiḥborn of material nature
muktamliberated
yatthat
ebhiḥfrom the influence of these
syātis
tribhiḥthree
guṇaiḥmodes of material nature

Themes

from The Thematic Companion to the Bhagavad Gītā

Meaning — Questions & Solutions

from Q&A with KnA
18.29–18.40Intellect, firmness and happiness, each threefold.

K completes the great analysis by running buddhi (intellect/judgment), dhṛti (firmness/resolve) and sukha (happiness) through the three strands. Intellect (18.30–32): sattvic buddhi knows rightly what to do and not do, what to fear and not fear, bondage and liberation; rajasic buddhi confuses right and wrong, dharma and adharma; tamasic buddhi, wrapped in darkness, takes adharma to be dharma and sees everything upside-down. Firmness (18.33–35): sattvic dhṛti is the unwavering steadiness that holds mind, breath and senses in Yoga; rajasic dhṛti clings, with attachment, to duty, pleasure and wealth, craving their fruit; tamasic dhṛti is the stubbornness that will not let go of sleep, fear, grief, despair and conceit. Happiness (18.36–39): sattvic sukha is “like poison at first and nectar in the end”, born of the serenity of Self-knowledge — hard at the outset, blissful at maturity; rajasic sukha is “nectar at first, poison in the end”, born of the contact of sense and object; tamasic sukha, deluding from beginning to end, springs from sleep, sloth and heedlessness. This last triad is a jewel of practical wisdom: the worthwhile joys cost effort up front and reward later (the discipline of 6.16); the cheap joys reward instantly and cost dearly after; the worthless ones are pleasant only to a dulled mind. By this test alone one can sort one’s own pleasures.