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Adhyāyas / Mokṣa-Sannyāsa Yogaḥ / verse 20

Mūla — the verse

Gita Press numbering
सर्वभूतेषु येनैकं भावमव्ययमीक्षते। अविभक्तं विभक्तेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि सात्त्विकम्
sarva-bhūteṣhu yenaikaṁ bhāvam avyayam īkṣhate avibhaktaṁ vibhakteṣhu taj jñānaṁ viddhi sāttvikam
Anuṣṭubh

Translation

Swami Gambhīrānanda · follows Śaṅkara-bhāṣya

Know that knowledge to originate from sattva, through which one sees a single, undecaying, undivided entity in all the diversified things.

हिन्दी अनुवाद — Swami Tejomayānanda

जिस ज्ञान से मनुष्य, विभक्त रूप में स्थित समस्त भूतों में एक अविभक्त और अविनाशी (अव्यय) स्वरूप को देखता है, उस ज्ञान को तुम सात्त्विक जानो।।

Pronunciation — Vaamshii

from Vaamshii
सर्व भूतेषु येनैकम्
भाव मव्यय मीक्षते
अवि भक्तँव् विभक्तेषु
तज् ज्ञानव्ँ विद् धि सात् त्विकम्
॥ २० ॥
Read each split group as one breath-unit; hyphens join pādas kept whole for the meter or a compound word. Symbols: # upadhmānīya (visarga before p/ph), % jihvāmūlīya (visarga before k/kh), ऽ avagraha (an elided a). Full method →

Word by word

padārtha
sarva-bhūteṣhuwithin all living beings
yenaby which
ekamone
bhāvamnature
avyayamimperishable
īkṣhateone sees
avibhaktamundivided
vibhakteṣhuin diversity
tatthat
jñānamknowledge
viddhiunderstand
sāttvikamin the mode of goodness

Themes

from The Thematic Companion to the Bhagavad Gītā
GuṇaJñāna

Meaning — Questions & Solutions

from Q&A with KnA
18.20–18.22Threefold knowledge: oneness, distinction, irrationality.

“That knowledge by which one sees the one imperishable Being in all beings, undivided in the divided, is sattvic (18.20). That which sees only the manifold, distinct existences in the various beings, is rajasic (18.21). And that which clings, irrationally and without grasp of truth, to a single effect as though it were the whole, is tamasic (18.22).” As you rightly note: oneness-in-diversity is the sattvic knowing (the vision of 13.16, 13.27); distinction-only — seeing the many and missing the One — is rajasic; and not using the intellect at all, latching onto one narrow thing as if it were everything, is tamasic. This is the Gītā’s epistemology in miniature: the quality of one’s seeing is itself graded by the guṇas, and only the sattvic sight sees the unity that liberates.